Species diversity, effect of EDAPHIC mesostigmatid MITES and their feeding habits on natural equilibrium of soil creatures is very important and of indices of changes in ecosystems. In this study, our goals were collecting and evaluating of diversity of soil specimens in four sights of Arasbaran forests in summer 2013. Biodiversity indices of Shannon, Simpson and Brillouin in addition to evenness index of Simpson, Camargo and Smith-Wilson calculated by means of ecological methodology 6.0 software. Our results revealed that the maximum relative abundance belongs to Veigaia nemorensis(Koch, 1836) with 11.54% and Veigaia planicola (Berlese, 1882) with 8.34% both from Veigaiidae family and minimum belongs to Sejus sp. from family sejidae with 0.17%.Maximum rate of Shannon’s and Simpson’s diversity was respectively 4.61 and 0.97 in Kalaleh area, with maximum collected species number rate of Simpson’s evenness index also belongs to this area with 0.65 percent. The high frequency of MITES of family Veigaiidae can be attributed to their strength of predatory and fauna richness in the soil.

Agroecosystems containing EDAPHIC Mesostigmata MITES are considered important predators of nematodes, collembola, and insects, and those living on plants may be effective at controlling pests like spider MITES. In the present research study, we provide new information about the EDAPHIC Mesostigmata MITES known from the Isfahan metropolis in the central Iran based on the new field collection in 2019. In totally, thirty-two EDAPHIC species belong to 13 families, and 25 genera collected and identified from Isfahan province (central Iran), of which four species are new records for the fauna of Iran (indicated by an asterisk). Twelve new provincial distribution records viz., Asca aphidioides (Linnaeus, 1758), Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese, 1918), Cosmolaelaps claviger (Berlese, 1883), Gaeolaelaps neoaculeifer (Hrischmann, 1966)*, Gymnolaelaps obscuroides (Costa, 1968), Hypoaspis quadridentatus (Allred, 1970)*, Hypoaspisella asperatus (Berlese, 1904)*, H. patagoniensis (Sheals, 1962)*, Neoseiulus bicaudus (Wainstein, 1962), Parasitus mycophilus (Karg, 1971), Pogonolaelaps canestrinii (Berlese, 1903) and Polyaspis berlesei (Camin, 1954) are presented.

Soil-dwelling MITES and especially Gamasina (Mesostigmata) are very important to soil ecosystems. They are one of the major groups rich in species and abundance. In order to study mesostigmatic mite fauna, soil samples were collected from different oak forests of Lordegan region. The MITES were extracted using Berlese-Tullgren funnels and then cleared in Lactic acid and mounted in Hoyer's medium. This study reports on the distribution of soil mesostigmatids in Iran and world-wide. Twenty species belonging to 13 genera of five families were collected and identified. Species are listed as follows: Ascidae: Arctoseius cetratus (Sellnick, 1940), Gamasellodes bicolor (Berlese, 1918), Antennoseius (Antennoseius) bacatus Athias-Henriot, 1961, Antennoseius (Antennoseius) masoviae (Sellnick, 1943). Blattisociidae: Lasioseius youcefiAthias-Henriot, 1959. Laelapidae: Cosmolaelaps rectangularisSheals, 1962, Euandrolaelaps karawaiewi (Berlese, 1903), Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini, 1883), Gaeolaelaps minor (Costa, 1968), Gaeolaelaps oreithyiae(Walter & Oliver, 1989), Haemolaelaps fenilis (Megnin, 1875), Haemolaelaps shealsi (Costa, 1968), Haemolaelaps schusteri (Hirschmann, 1966), Laelaspis kamalii Joharchi and Halliday, 2012, Laelaspis missouriensis(Ewing, 1904), Gymnolaelaps canestrinii (Berlese, 1903), Gymnolaelaps obscuroides(Costa, 1968). Ologamasidae: Sessiluncus hungaricusKarg, 1964, Allogamasellus sp.; Veigaiidae: Veigaia planicola Berlese, 1882.The genusAllogamasellus and Haemolaelaps schusteri are reported for the first time for Iranian mite fauna and the male ofLaelaspis kamalii is reported for the first time for world fauna.

During 2004-2005, a faunistic study was carried out on the EDAPHIC MITES in Sorche-Hesar forest park of Tehran. A total of 14 species belonging to 10 families were collected and identified, of which four species, viz. Iphidozercon corticalis Evans, Dendrolealaps populi Walker, Holaspina alstoni Evans and Rhodacarellus silesiacus Willmann, are new records for Iran.

Fauna and biodiversity of laelapid MITES (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) were studied in south of Guilan Province, during 2012–2013. In this research, 18 species belong to eight genera were collected and identified, among them two species were new records for science, one species was new record for Iran and six species were new records for Guilan Province mite fauna. Biodiversity indexes on the basis of species richness were calculated using standard formulas and ecological methodology software. Data processing was performed using SAS software. The estimated Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and Margalef index showed the significant difference among studied habitats and seasons. The highest and lowest values of Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and Margalef index were calculated for forest (0.9) and (2.7) and field areas (0.8) and (1.7), respectively. Moreover, among different seasons, spring with 0.94 and 3.2 and winter with 0.8 and 1.4, respectively had greatest and lowest values. According to finding of this study, in fields habitats Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (23%), G. praesternalis (15%), Cosmolaelaps vacua (13%) and C. lutegiensis (11%), were the most abundant species. The evenness index was higher in forest areas (1.5) than field’s habitats (1.3). Collected species from forest areas had almost equal relative abundance.

A faunistic survey was carried out on EDAPHIC MITES of the cohort Gamasina in the Ecological (Botanical) Garden of Nowshahr, Mazandaran Province, Iran. The samples were taken randomly from different habitats since February 2014 to January 2015. A total of 458 specimens belonging to 34 species, 20 genera, 12 families and five superfamilies were collected and identified from which two species, Gamasolaelaps whartoni(Farrier, 1957) (Veigaiidae) and Pergamasus brevicornis Berlese, 1903 (Parasitidae), reported for the first time from Iran. Among them, the most frequent species wereGamasiphis lanceolatus Karg, 1987 (20.96%), Pachylaelaps grandis Koroleva, 1977 (18.78%) andLaelaspis astronomicus (Koch, 1839) (18.56%), respectively. Furthermore, Laelapidae (24.23%), Ologamasidae (21.61%) and Pachylaelapidae (20.30%) were the most frequent families.

Order Mesostigmata is one of the largest groups in subclass Acari and its members are important components of natural and agricultural ecosystems. During 2013, fauna of EDAPHIC mesostigmatic MITES were collected from soil and plant debris of Arasbaran forests in north of East Azerbaijan province, Iran. MITES were extracted by using Berlese funnels, cleared in Nesbitt's fluid and slides mounted by Hoyer's medium. In this study, 40 species belonging to 32 genera and 18 families were collected and identified. Among the identified species, 20 species were new for East Azerbaijan province fauna. A key for identified taxa has been given. In this study, the family Veigaiidae had the highest relative frequency (19. 01%) and the families Zerconidae and Laelapidae with 15. 21% and 13. 19 frequencies were situated in the next ranks, respectively. The list of identified species are as follows. New records for East Azerbaijan Province MITES fauna are marked with one asterisk (*): Ameroseiidae: Ameroseius furcatus (Karg, 1971)*, Epicriopsis cf. palustris (Karg, 1971); Ascidae: Zerconopsis michaeli (Evans & Hyatt, 1960)*, Arctoseius semiscissus (Berlese, 1892)*, Asca aphidioides (Linnaeus, 1758)*, A. bicornis (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1876)*, Antennoseius bacatus (Athias-Henriot, 1961)*; Blattisocidae: Lasioseius sp.; Celaenopsidae: Celaenopsis badius (C. L. Koch, 1839)*; Digamasellidae: Dendrolaelaps sp.; Epicriidae: Epicrius cf. bulgaricus (Balogh, 1958); Laelapidae: Laelaspis astronomicus (Koch, 1839), Cosmolaelaps lutegiensis (Shcherbak, 1971), C. vacua (Michael, 1891), Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini, 1884), G. iranicus (Kavianpour & Nemati, 2013), Pseudoparasitus dentatus (Halbert, 1920)*, P. missouriensis (Ewing, 1909)*; Macrochelidae: Macrocheles glaber (Mü ller, 1860)*, Macrolaspis recki (Bregetova & Koroleva, 1960); Macrodinychidae: Macrodinychus bregetovaae (Hirschmann, 1975)*; Melicharidae: Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (Mü ller, 1860)*; Pachylaelapidae: Olopachys caucasicus (Koroleva, 1976)*, Onchodellus karawaiewi (Berlese, 1920)*; Parasitidae: Gamasodes spiniger (Trä gå rdh, 1910)*, Parasitus copridis (Costa, 1963)*; Phytoseiidae: Amblyseius azerbaijanicus (Abbasova, 1970), A. nemorivagus (Athias-Henriot, 1961), A. sp., Typhlodromus bakeri (Garman, 1948); Trachytidae: Trachytes cf. aegrota (C. L. Koch, 1841)*; Trematuridae: Trichouropoda elegans (Kramer, 1882)*, T. ovalis (Koch, 1839)*, Nenteria stylifera (Berlese, 1904)*; Uropodidae: Discourella modesta (Leonardi, 1899), Uropoda fumicola (Schweizer, 1961); Veigaiidae: Veigaia nemorensis (Koch, 1836), V. planicola (Berlese, 1882); Zerconidae: Prozercon norae (Ujvari, 2011), Zercon sp.